How to Distinguish Between a Cold and Rhinitis in Children

Both colds and rhinitis are common respiratory conditions in children, and their symptoms can be similar but also have some key differences. Here are some methods to help distinguish between a cold and rhinitis in children:

Characteristics of Rhinitis:

Duration of Symptoms: Rhinitis symptoms are usually long-lasting, especially seasonal allergic rhinitis, which can recur during specific seasons.

Nature of Symptoms:

• Sneezing: Frequent and continuous sneezing, especially in the morning.
• Runny Nose: Clear and thin nasal discharge that may be profuse.
• Itchy Nose: The nose, eyes, and throat may feel itchy.
• Nasal Congestion: Nasal blockage that makes breathing difficult, often leading to mouth breathing.
• Other Symptoms: Eyes may become red and watery, and dark circles might appear around the eyes.

Characteristics of a Cold:

Duration of Symptoms: A cold generally lasts 7-10 days and gradually improves.

Nature of Symptoms:

• Sneezing: Sneezing may occur but is usually not continuous.
• Runny Nose: Nasal discharge starts clear but may turn yellow or green after a few days.
• Nasal Congestion: Nasal congestion might be more severe during a cold, accompanied by headaches and facial pressure.
• Other Symptoms: Colds often come with systemic symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, and sometimes muscle aches.

How to Determine:

• Duration of Symptoms: If symptoms persist for more than two weeks, it is likely rhinitis.
• Nature of Symptoms: Clear nasal discharge with severe itching and sneezing indicates rhinitis. Discolored nasal discharge with systemic symptoms like fever suggests a cold.
• Seasonality: Symptoms that worsen during specific seasons or upon exposure to certain allergens are likely due to allergic rhinitis.

If you cannot determine whether your child has rhinitis or a cold, it is advisable to consult a doctor for a professional diagnosis. The doctor might suggest allergy tests to confirm if it is allergic rhinitis. Timely treatment and care can alleviate the child's symptoms and improve their quality of life.