Reliable guideline for children's health
Most cases of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) can be managed at home without the need for hospitalization. Here are some common home care measures and treatments:
Symptomatic Treatment:
Fever Reduction: If the child's temperature exceeds 38.5°C (101.3°F), use physical methods such as tepid sponging or cooling patches, or administer antipyretic (fever-reducing) medications.
Seizure Prevention: Keep the child calm and comfortable to prevent febrile seizures. If necessary, use anticonvulsant medications such as chloral hydrate.
Isolation and Hygiene Maintenance:
Avoid Contact: Keep the infected child away from other healthy children to prevent the spread of the disease.
Bland Diet: Offer easily digestible foods and avoid spicy or irritating foods.
Maintain Cleanliness: Keep the child’s mouth and skin clean to prevent secondary infections.
Monitoring Vital Signs:
Maintain Airway: Ensure the child’s airway remains open. Provide oxygen support if necessary.
Ensure Adequate Intake: Make sure the child gets enough nutrients and fluids to maintain normal bodily functions.
Medication Treatment
Although there is currently no specific antiviral medication for HFMD, certain medications can help alleviate symptoms and manage the condition:
Early Stage Medications:
Usage: Can be administered via spray or nebulization to help combat the virus.
Usage: Given intravenously, it may be effective if used early, but attention must be paid to its potential side effects and reproductive toxicity.
Treatment for Severe Cases:
Examples: Mannitol to reduce intracranial pressure, corticosteroids for inflammation, milrinone for vascular support, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).
Usage: Intravenous fluids can be administered to maintain the body's fluid balance if necessary.
Medications Not Recommended:
Reason: There is insufficient evidence to support their effectiveness against HFMD, and they may have adverse effects. Therefore, their use is not recommended.
By following these guidelines, parents and caregivers can effectively manage and treat HFMD, ensuring the child’s comfort and reducing the risk of complications. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and treatment options.
