When it comes to urinary tract infections (UTIs), most parents think of girls first. But in fact, young boys, especially babies and toddlers, can also develop UTIs. If not treated in time, these infections may affect kidney health in the long run. This article explains the basics of UTIs in boys, how to spot them, and what parents can do to help.
What Is a Urinary Tract Infection?
A urinary tract infection happens when bacteria get into the urinary tract — this includes the urethra, bladder, ureters, and kidneys. The most common culprit is E. coli, a type of bacteria that usually lives in the intestines.
In boys, especially those with tight or long foreskin (phimosis), it’s easier for bacteria to collect around the tip of the penis and enter the urinary tract.
Common UTI Symptoms in Young Boys
Children can’t always express how they feel, especially babies and toddlers. So it’s important to watch for signs such as:
- Fever, especially if there are no cold or flu symptoms
- Crying or discomfort when urinating
- Frequent peeing or noticeably less urine
- Strong-smelling or cloudy urine
- Poor appetite or vomiting
- Irritability or unusual tiredness
Older boys may say their "pee hurts" or that it stings down there.
Why Do Boys Get UTIs?
Although UTIs are more common in girls, boys can still get them for several reasons:
- Foreskin issues: A tight foreskin can trap bacteria.
- Holding in pee too long: Kids may get distracted and avoid bathroom breaks.
- Poor hygiene: Not cleaning properly after using the toilet or changing diapers.
- Constipation: A full bowel can press on the bladder and block urine flow.
- Urinary tract problems: Some boys are born with urinary tract issues that make UTIs more likely (e.g., vesicoureteral reflux).
How Doctors Diagnose UTIs in Boys
If a doctor suspects a UTI, they may request:
- Urine test: To check for signs of infection.
- Urine culture: To find out which bacteria is causing it.
- Ultrasound: If the child has repeated infections, this checks for urinary tract abnormalities.
For babies, collecting a clean urine sample can be tricky. Doctors may use special urine bags or even a catheter to get a reliable sample.
Treatment of UTIs in Boys
- Antibiotics: The main treatment. Your doctor will choose one based on the bacteria found. A typical course lasts 5–7 days.
- Fluids: Encourage your child to drink more water to flush out the bacteria.
- Follow-ups: After antibiotics, the doctor might check again to make sure the infection is gone.
Don’t stop antibiotics early, even if your child seems better. Finish the full course to prevent relapse.
How Parents Can Help Prevent UTI
- Clean the penis gently with water, especially under the foreskin if it’s retractable — but don’t force it back in infants.
- Change diapers frequently to prevent bacteria buildup.
- Encourage regular bathroom breaks — remind your child not to “hold it in.”
- Prevent constipation by offering fiber-rich foods like fruits, veggies, and whole grains.
- Pay attention to fevers with no clear cause — it could be a hidden UTI.
If your child has recurring UTIs, a doctor may recommend checking for any physical issues and may also discuss foreskin care or circumcision in some cases.
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical advice if your child has:
- A fever over 38.5°C (101.3°F) for more than 48 hours
- Pain or discomfort when peeing
- Cloudy, smelly, or bloody urine
- Repeated infections
Early diagnosis and treatment help protect your child’s kidneys and overall health.
Final Thoughts
Even though UTIs are less common in boys than in girls, they’re not rare — especially in babies and toddlers. As a parent, your attention to early signs, good hygiene habits, and prompt medical care can go a long way in keeping your little one healthy and free of urinary problems.
